What does the Bible say about wedding rings?

Symbolizing eternal commitment

By Shawn Buckles

Though the Bible doesn't specifically mention wedding rings, it speaks to the themes of marriage, love, and commitment, allowing the ring to symbolize an everlasting vow and the enduring nature of love in Christian tradition.

The Bible does not mention wedding rings directly. Wedding rings are a cultural symbol of marriage commitment rather than a biblical requirement. The Bible focuses on the importance of the marriage covenant and love (Ephesians 5:25-33), not on specific symbols like rings.

But you say, 'Why does he not?' Because the Lord was witness between you and the wife of your youth, to whom you have been faithless, though she is your companion and your wife by covenant.
Malachi 2:14-15
Husbands, love your wives, just as Christ loved the church and gave himself up for her to make her holy, cleansing her by the washing with water through the word.
Ephesians 5:25-27
Therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and they shall become one flesh.
Genesis 2:24

Summary

  • Wedding rings symbolize the unity and commitment in a marriage, a theme consistent with biblical teachings.
  • Scripture does not specifically mention rings but discusses principles of love, respect, and fidelity that underpin marriage.
  • In Christian tradition, rings serve as a tangible representation of a lifelong marital commitment.

Bible mentions wedding rings in the following books:

  • Rings for the Finger: From the Earliest Known Times, to the Present, with Full Descriptions of the Origin, Early Making, Materials, the Archaeology, History, for Affection, for Love, for Engagement, for Wedding, Commemorative, Mourning, Etc. (1917): By George Frederick Kunz, this classic text delves into the history and significance of rings, including wedding rings, offering a comprehensive look at their use and symbolism throughout history.

  • A History of Wedding Rings: An Illustrated Guide to Their History and Symbolism (2021): This book provides an in-depth exploration of wedding rings' evolution from ancient times to the present, examining how their meanings and designs have changed over centuries and what they have symbolized in different cultures.

  • The Ring: A History of the Wedding Ring (2007): By Danielle Olivia Tefft, explores the journey of the wedding ring from ancient Egypt to modern-day practices, highlighting its significance in various traditions and the evolution of its design and cultural meaning.

  • Love and Marriage in Global Cultures (2020): Edited by Yaw Ofosu-Kusi, this collection of essays examines marriage practices across the world, including the use of wedding rings. It provides a comparative look at how different cultures signify marital commitment and love.

Biblical Context of Marriage

In the Judeo-Christian tradition, the Bible provides foundational perspectives on marriage. It portrays marriage as a sacred union, highlighting both the unity of the couple and their commitment to God.

Genesis on Marriage and Unity

In Genesis 2:24, the Bible sets a precedent for marriage, stating, “Therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and they shall become one flesh.”

This passage illustrates the intimate union between a husband and wife. The concept of "one flesh" signifies a deep bond where two individuals are united in purpose, spirit, and body. Genesis lays the groundwork for the significance of marital unity.

The Covenant of Marriage in the Bible

Marriage is often depicted in Scripture as more than a contractual agreement; it is a covenant relationship.

Ecclesiastes 4:12 mentions a "cord of three strands" that is not quickly broken, suggesting the strength of a marriage when intertwined with God. The metaphor implies that the couple, when joined by God, has a fortified bond that withstands life's challenges. This covenant is seen throughout the Bible as a testament to faithfulness and commitment, both to each other and to God's teachings.

Symbolism of Rings in Scripture

In biblical times, rings were more than ornamental; they often symbolized authority, covenant, and ownership. The Scripture touches upon the use of rings in various narratives, from signet rings that denoted power to rings that conveyed deeper spiritual meanings in parables and teachings.

Ancient Signet Rings

In Genesis 41:42, Pharaoh gives Joseph a signet ring as a symbol of authority.

This ring, an emblem of power and trust, allowed Joseph to act on behalf of Pharaoh. Such rings were commonly used to seal official documents, making each impression a decree under the owner's name and authority.

Parables and Symbolism in the New Testament

Luke 15:22 recounts the moment in the Parable of the Prodigal Son when the father commands his servants to put a ring on his returning son's hand.

This act represents forgiveness and the restoration of the son's position in the family. The ring exchange here highlights a theme of redemption and belonging.

Jewelry as Symbol in the Old Testament

Jewelry, including rings, carried symbolic weight in the Old Testament.

In Genesis 24:22, Abraham's servant gives Rebekah a nose ring to mark her as Isaac's betrothed, demonstrating how jewelry was a physical token of betrothal and favor. This gesture echoed throughout Scripture, illustrating the covenantal relationship between individuals.

The Wedding Ring in Christian Tradition

In Christian tradition, wedding rings hold a special place as they symbolize the commitment and unity that is foundational to Christian marriage.

Wedding Rings as Symbols of Unity

Wedding rings are a representation of unity and the unending love that Christian couples pledge to each other.

The circular shape of wedding bands mirrors the eternal nature of that commitment. This symbolism is deeply rooted in the tradition and often emphasized in Christian wedding ceremonies as the couple exchanges rings while reciting vows that invoke God's blessing and acknowledge His presence in their union.

Christian Couples and Wedding Bands

For Christian couples, the wearing of wedding bands is a public expression of their marriage and a private reminder of their covenant with each other and God.

Christianity does not mandate the use of rings, but many Christians embrace this custom as it embodies the spiritual principles of faithfulness and perpetual love that are esteemed in Christian marriage. It's important to note that while wedding bands are widely utilized by Christians, they are not explicitly prescribed or described in the Bible.

Spiritual Significance and Modern Understanding

While wedding rings are not explicitly mentioned in the Bible, they carry a symbol of commitment and a seal of marriage that resonates with Biblical teachings about marriage covenants.

Spiritual Meaning and Commitment

Wedding rings serve as a symbol of the unbreakable bond and commitment between two individuals. In Christianity, this parallels the sacred covenant between humans and God, with the ring's endless circle reflecting an eternal promise.

The spiritual meaning behind wedding rings thus emerges from their function as a representation of love, fidelity, and the joining of two lives in a spiritual union.

Wedding Rings as a Seal of Marriage

Historically, a seal carried the weight of authority and authenticity. In the context of marriage, wedding rings act as a visible pledge, a seal of marriage, that the couple presents to the world.

This symbolism signifies their vows and the sincere intent to adhere to their marital commitments, linking physical presence to spiritual aspirations.

Cultural Traditions and Christian Beliefs

While the Bible does not prescribe the wearing of wedding rings, many Christian denominations embrace them due to their cultural influences and the human desire to express love and commitment visually.

These cultural traditions have been absorbed into Christian practices, enriching the community's understanding of sacred covenant while simultaneously adapting to evolving cultural norms around matrimony.

Practical Aspects of Wedding Rings

Wedding rings serve as a tangible symbol of commitment and love. This section focuses on the materials and designs often selected for these pieces, as well as the traditions that influence which hand and finger will display the ring.

Materials and Design

When selecting a wedding ring, individuals often consider the material and design to reflect personal taste and significance.

Gold rings are perhaps the most traditional choice, appreciated for their timeless appeal and durability. They can range from yellow, white, to rose gold, each offering a different aesthetic.

In addition to gold, materials such as platinum, silver, and even silicone are available for varying lifestyles and budgets.

As for the design, many couples choose to personalize their rings with engraving—a practice that can include anything from the wedding date to a meaningful quote.

Choice of Hand and Finger

In many cultures, the wedding ring is traditionally worn on the fourth finger of the left hand, based on the belief that this finger houses the "vena amoris," or the vein of love, that leads to the heart.

However, some countries and traditions prefer the right hand for wearing the ring. The choice is deeply rooted in cultural, religious, and family traditions, and individuals often take these into account when deciding how to wear their wedding rings.

Love, Respect, and Fidelity in Marriage

In considering the role of wedding rings in marriage, one must also reflect on the foundational principles like love, respect, and fidelity that these rings symbolize. Rings serve as a tangible reminder of the promises and teachings about these virtues found within Biblical scripture.

Biblical Teachings on Love and Respect

Proverbs 31:10 speaks of the value of a virtuous wife, indicating the high regard for love and respect in marital relationships.

Ephesians 5:25 echoes this sentiment, urging husbands to love their wives with a sacrificial love, similar to the love Christ demonstrated for the church.

The command for mutual respect amongst spouses is evident, as a foundation for maintaining a healthy and thriving marriage.

Marital Fidelity and the Eternal Bond

Fidelity stands as a cornerstone of marital commitment, representing unwavering faithfulness and an eternal bond between spouses.

The expectation of exclusivity and devotion is underscored in Biblical teachings, where marital faithfulness is seen as both a virtue and a duty.

The symbol of the wedding ring, an unbroken, continuous circle, is often seen as a reflection of this unending love and the eternal nature of the marriage covenant.

Marriage as a Lifelong Commitment

In the context of marriage as depicted through various teachings, it encompasses a deep-rooted principle of lifelong commitment. This principle is anchored in the solemn exchange of vows and is understood as an unbreakable bond that spouses pledge to each other.

Vows and Lifelong Promises

Vows are the verbal expressions of commitment that couples exchange during a wedding ceremony, signifying their intent for a lifelong union.

These promises are not merely words but are considered binding and sacrosanct; they are a pledge of eternal love and fidelity.

One might say that these vows form the very foundation upon which the marriage covenant is built, expected to be honored and upheld for the entirety of a couple’s life together.

The Unbreakable Bond of Marriage

Marriage is often characterized as an unbreakable bond, symbolizing more than just a legal contract; it is a spiritual and emotional union.

This bond is presumed to withstand the trials of life, cementing the couple’s journey in mutual support and devotion.

It is within this union that the concept of an 'eternal love' comes to life, inferring that the connection between the spouses is meant to be enduring and unending.

This commitment echoes the teachings on marriage found in many religious texts, including interpretations of marriage as a reflection of the covenant of Christ with His bride—the church (GotQuestions.org).

Social and Historical Perspectives

The use of wedding rings has evolved significantly over time, reflecting changes in societal values regarding status and wealth, and varying from culture to culture.

Status and Wealth Through History

In ancient times, wedding rings were often symbols of status and wealth.

For instance, in Ancient Egypt, rings were made from materials like gold and silver, signifying the wearer's wealth and social standing. The Roman Empire held a similar view, as the use of iron rings among the lower classes contrasted with the gold rings worn by the more affluent.

Wedding Rings in Different Societies

Throughout history, the tradition of wedding rings was not only indicative of personal status but also varied across different societies.

While the Romans would use a ring to signify ownership, in other cultures, the ring had a more spiritual connotation, symbolizing an unbreakable bond.

Today, societies inherit the deep-rooted significance of these rings, integrating them into marital customs worldwide.

Conclusion

The Bible does not explicitly mention wedding rings, but they have come to represent deep spiritual meanings in Christian marriage. They symbolize the unity between a bride and groom, a circle of eternity, reflecting the unending love and faithfulness they vow to each other.

Some Christians associate the circular shape of a ring with the continuity of the relationship, as reflected in Ecclesiastes 4:9-12, highlighting the strength found in companionship.

Colossians 3:14 maintains that love binds everything together in perfect harmony, which can be symbolically represented by the exchange of rings. Christian couples often recite vows from Matthew 19:4-6 and Mark 10:9 during their ceremonies.

These verses emphasize that what God has joined together, man should not separate, echoing the betrothal and unconditional love expected in marriage.

Although the New Testament and Old Testament offer guiding principles on relationships and love, such as faithfulness in Hebrews 13:4 and the companionship spoken of in Ruth 1:16-17, they provide no specific doctrine regarding jewelry or rings.

Instead, they focus on the heart and spiritual union of man and woman, mirroring Christ's relationship with the church, as elaborated in Ephesians 5:22-33.

In essence, a wedding ring may hold a value beyond its status as jewelry: it encapsulates the promises made and the eternal bond formed on the wedding day. For many Christian couples, the ring becomes a daily reminder of their commitment to emulate the love of Christ for the church in their own marriage.

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