What does the Bhagavad Gita say about greed?

Transcending greed for spiritual depth

By Shawn Buckles

Let the Bhagavad Gita guide you away from greed, revealing a path to balance and spiritual depth. Krishna's wisdom to Arjuna shows how transcending desire leads to a life of integrity and fulfillment.

The Bhagavad Gita warns against greed, viewing it as a source of sin and destruction that leads to moral and spiritual downfall. It teaches that greed disturbs the mind and soul, steering individuals away from their dharma (duty) and the path to enlightenment.

In this world, there are two kinds of beings: the divine and the demoniac. The divine leads to liberation, and the demoniac to bondage. Do not grieve, you are born with divine qualities.
Those who are motivated by desire hanker after pleasures and are bound by the chains of birth and death.
But those who control their senses and are detached from the fruits of their actions, find the path of liberation.

Summary

  • The Bhagavad Gita addresses greed as an impediment to living a righteous life.
  • Lord Krishna's teachings emphasize the need for self-control to overcome greed.
  • Understanding and practicing the guidance of the Gita can lead to a greed-free existence.

The Bhagavad Gita mentions greed in the following books:

  • The Bhagavad Gita (circa 2nd century BCE): Offers profound insights into overcoming personal desires and attachments, emphasizing selflessness, duty, and the pursuit of spiritual enlightenment over material gains.

  • The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith (1776): While primarily an economic text, it discusses the implications of self-interest and the invisible hand in promoting societal welfare, indirectly addressing the concept of greed in economic activities.

  • The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald (1925): A novel that critiques the American dream, highlighting the destructive nature of greed and the pursuit of material wealth at the expense of personal integrity and relationships.

  • Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse (1922): Follows the spiritual journey of Siddhartha as he seeks enlightenment, encountering the temptations of wealth and greed, ultimately finding that true happiness comes from spiritual fulfillment rather than material possessions.

  • Animal Farm by George Orwell (1945): Through the allegory of a farm, Orwell explores the corrupting influence of power and greed, demonstrating how ideals can be compromised by selfish desires.

The Nature of Greed

Greed, in the Bhagavad Gita, is depicted as a destructive impulse that entangles the soul in material bondage and leads to spiritual downfall. It emphasizes the need to recognize and overcome this formidable inner foe.

Greed and Desire

Greed's roots lie deep in desire (Kama), which springs from a constant contemplation on the objects of the senses. When individuals allow their senses to dwell excessively on material objects, an unquenchable thirst for possession and enjoyment develops. This Lobha is seen as a gateway to further sin and an impediment to one's spiritual progress.

Greed and Attachment

Attachment (Sanga) represents the steadfast link individuals form with the objects of their desires. As they become more attached to these objects, greed intensifies, creating a vicious cycle of longing and dissatisfaction. Such attachment is cautioned against in the Gita as it binds the soul and fosters a demonic nature.

Consequences of Greed

The pitfalls of greed include a path leading to destruction and a state resembling hellish confinement for the soul. Described as a sin and an evil, it propels individuals toward actions that are against the principles of dharma and cultivates a demonic nature collectively portrayed as the antithesis of spiritual well-being.

Greed and Its Relation to Other Vices

The Bhagavad Gita highlights the destructive nature of greed and its strong connection to other detrimental qualities such as anger, lust, and pride. Recognizing these problematic links helps one understand the fundamental aspects that lead the soul towards naraka, the hell of self-destruction.

Greed and Anger

Greed (lobha) and anger (krodha) are closely linked, as unfulfilled desires often lead to frustration and wrath. The Bhagavad Gita explicitly warns that individuals who allow greed to dictate their actions become consumed by frustration, which in turn kindles the flames of anger. This anger then clouds judgment and leads to a cycle of continuous vice.

Greed and Lust

Greed and lust (kama) frequently coexist, as both arise from an insatiable desire for more. The Gita suggests that lust is a form of greed directed at sensual pleasure and attachments. Both drive the soul further from enlightenment and self-realization, anchoring it to temporary and ultimately unsatisfying pursuits. Greed for material wealth or power is paralleled by the greed for sensual experiences, both being obstacles on the path of spiritual progress.

Greed and Pride

Lastly, greed intertwines with pride (mada), as accumulation of wealth or accomplishments often leads to an inflated sense of self. The Gita alludes to pride as a byproduct of greed, where the individual fails to recognize the temporality of material gains. This egoistic pride then fosters ignorance, veiling the true nature of the self and the impermanent quality of all possessions.

Philosophical Perspectives on Greed

In the Bhagavad Gita, greed is depicted as a powerful and destructive force that impedes spiritual growth and ethical action. The text offers a nuanced view, explaining how greed interacts with the inner constitution of the soul and shapes one's actions and life's trajectory.

Greed and the Three Gunas

The Bhagavad Gita describes three qualities inherent in nature, known as the Gunas: Sattva (purity), Rajas (activity), and Tamas (inertia). Greed is associated with Rajas, which propels action often leading to selfish desires and further entanglement in the material world. On the other hand, individuals influenced by Sattva strive for balance and exhibit less attachment to material possessions. Those in the grip of Tamas may succumb to greed out of ignorance and laziness.

Greed and the Soul

Within the philosophy of the Gita, the soul (Atmanah) is considered eternal and untouched by material afflictions, such as greed. Greed is seen as a product of one's disconnect from the true nature of the Atmanah. When an individual recognizes the soul's unchanging and satisfied nature, the lure of temporal desires diminishes. The Gita encourages the understanding of the soul's purity as a means to overcome the pull of greed.

Greed and Karma

Karma refers to the actions performed by an individual, which in turn shape future experiences. Actions driven by greed (Rajasika) often result in negative consequences, binding the individual to a cycle of rebirth and suffering. In contrast, actions free from desire and greed (Sattva) bring about positive Karma and lead to liberation. The Gita teaches that one should perform actions (Karma) as a duty, free from the desire for personal gain, to avoid the destructive cycle perpetuated by greed.

Overcoming Greed

The Bhagavad Gita provides profound insights on how to conquer greed. These teachings emphasize the importance of knowledge, detachment, and the practice of austerity and sacrifice as means to transcend this destructive desire.

Role of Knowledge

In the Bhagavad Gita, knowledge is deemed vital in the battle against greed. One learns to recognize the transient nature of material possessions through illuminated wisdom. Shree Krishna advises that true understanding of the self and the impermanence of the world can sever the roots of greed. For example, it is explained that by cultivating knowledge, one can understand the detrimental effects of succumbing to greed, which leads to one's downfall.

Importance of Detachment

Detachment is another critical element in overcoming greed. The Gita teaches that an individual should live without excessive attachment to possessions or outcomes. By relinquishing the sense of proprietorship over material goods, one achieves a state of contentment, thereby reducing the lure of desire. Shree Krishna espouses the significance of letting go of material desires and living a life free from egoism and ownership, which leads to perfect peace.

Practicing Austerity and Sacrifice

Practices like austerity and sacrifice reinforce control over one's senses, further restraining the grip of greed. The concept of performing duties selflessly, without anticipation of rewards, fosters inner purifications and diminishes the stronghold of desires. By engaging in self-discipline and offering one's actions for a higher purpose, one not only combats greed but also evolves spiritually. The Bhagavad Gita mentions the importance of acts of charity and austerity performed without self-interest as a step towards liberation from material bondage.

The Gita's Guidance for a Greed-Free Life

The Bhagavad Gita offers profound insights into how to live a life free from greed, emphasizing the pursuit of Dharma and the prioritization of welfare over material gain. It provides actionable guidance to achieve peace and true wealth through purity of thought and austerity.

Emphasis on Dharma

In the Bhagavad Gita, Dharma, or righteousness, is seen as essential in managing one's desires and actions. One is advised to perform their duty without attachment to the outcomes, a principle that can lead to a life devoid of greed. This detachment from the fruits of one's labor encourages a focus on actions, not possessions.

Adopting a State of Mind for Welfare

The welfare of others is a cornerstone in the Gita's teachings. It suggests that by adopting a state of mind inclined towards the common good, one naturally moves away from self-centeredness and greed. By prioritizing the needs of others, individuals foster a communal harmony that is both fulfilling and free from the clutches of greed.

Understanding True Wealth

The Gita also redefines the concept of wealth. It does not view wealth in mere monetary terms but emphasizes truth, purity, and austerity as the real treasures. By understanding and internalizing this, individuals can assess their needs realistically, minimizing harm to themselves and others, and fostering an inner richness that supersedes material accumulation.

Case Studies and Examples

This section explores how the Bhagavad Gita addresses greed using specific narratives and teachings. It taps into ancient wisdom through tales of yore and divine counsel.

Stories from Mahabharata

Mahabharata unfolds tales rich with insights on Dharma and moral complexities. For instance, the story of King Yudhishthira, who gambles away his kingdom and his loved ones, reflects on the perils of greed and the importance of righteousness. The woman in this narrative, Draupadi, endures humiliation and vows justice, symbolizing the struggle against greed-induced suffering.

Teachings of Lord Krishna

Within the epic's discourse, the teachings of Lord Krishna serve as a powerful counter to greed. He counsels Arjuna, revealing that unchecked desires can lead to one's downfall. These lessons emphasize that fulfilling Dharma is essential, guiding individuals to transcend greed and strive for balance and virtue. For example, the Bhagavad Gita discusses how greed is one of the three gates leading to hell, underscoring its destructive potential.

Lord Krishna's guidance to Arjuna, as recounted by Sanjaya, the blind king Dhritarashtra's charioteer and advisor, provides an overarching narrative that not only defines the spiritual battles within the Mahabharata but also sheds light on overcoming human vices, including greed.

Application of the Teachings

Applying the lessons from the Bhagavad Gita to one's personal life and societal roles can lead to profound changes. It emphasizes the reduction of greed and the cultivation of virtues such as knowledge, action, and self-control.

In Personal Life

Individuals are encouraged to practice control of the senses to combat greed and actively seek knowledge for personal growth. The Bhagavad Gita suggests that by understanding one's impulses and desires, one is better equipped to manage them. Regular reflection and effort in aligning with truth and fortitude can foster a sense of fearlessness and forgiveness in personal interactions.

In Society and Leadership

Leaders and members of society can draw from the Bhagavad Gita's advocacy for selflessness and the greater good. Actions should be undertaken without attachment to personal gain, highlighting the significance of effort made for the welfare of others. Practicing forgiveness and fearlessness in governance builds a just society, while fortitude amidst adversity and control of the senses serve as a foundation for ethical leadership.

Conclusion

The Bhagavad Gita addresses greed as a serious impediment to dharma (righteousness) and spiritual growth. According to its verses, one must practice detachment to achieve peace and higher knowledge. Lord Krishna imparts these teachings with a tone of compassion, steering individuals towards righteous action and away from the pitfalls of excess desire.

Greed is depicted as a gateway to ruin, leading to moral and spiritual degradation. It's one of the three gates to hell, as it disrupts one's equilibrium and connection with the Self. A person engulfed by greed is often disturbed, finding neither peace of mind nor contentment, no matter the wealth they accumulate. Therfore one should abandon all three.

Attaining peace involves fostering contentment, which the Gita suggests as antidote to greed. The text encourages individuals to trust in the natural flow of life and the fruits it bears. Detachment doesn't mean renouncing wealth or material goods, but rather adopting an inner stance of neutrality regarding their loss or gain.

In essence, the Bhagavad Gita emphasizes that true success lies in living a life aligned with dharma, free from the clutches of greed. One can find peace and fulfillment by following this sacred knowledge and embracing detachment as a core tenet of their actions.

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