What does the Bhagavad Gita say about dogs?

Equality transcends species

By Shawn Buckles

See how the Bhagavad Gita's teachings on compassion extend to all beings, suggesting a respectful bond with animals like dogs, based on shared spiritual essence. A lesson in unity and respect.

The Bhagavad Gita does not specifically mention or discuss dogs. Its focus is on spiritual and philosophical teachings, such as the nature of the soul, the importance of duty, and the paths to liberation, rather than on animals or their significance.

The humble sage, by virtue of true knowledge, sees with equal vision a learned and gentle brahmana, a cow, an elephant, a dog, and a dog-eater [outcaste].
One who is not envious but is a kind friend to all living entities, who does not think himself a proprietor and is free from false ego, who is equal in both happiness and distress, who is tolerant, always satisfied, self-controlled, and engaged in devotional service with determination, his mind and intelligence fixed on Me – such a devotee of Mine is very dear to Me.
He who has no enemies among all living beings, comes to Me, O Arjuna. He who is non-envious, friendly and compassionate to all, who is free from the feelings of 'I' and 'mine', even-minded in pain and pleasure, and forgiving...

Summary

  • The Bhagavad Gita advocates for equality and respect for all living beings.
  • It provides guidance on spirituality and the universal essence shared across life forms.
  • The text underscores the importance of compassion in our interactions with animals.

The Bhagavad Gita mentions dogs in the following books:

  • The Bhagavad Gita (circa 2nd century BCE): While not explicitly mentioning dogs, it teaches compassion and love for all beings, recognizing the divine essence within every creature.

  • Animals and the Afterlife (2003) by Kim Sheridan: Explores the spiritual connections between humans and animals, offering evidence and heartwarming stories of animals' lives beyond death, resonating with the Gita's view on the eternal soul.

  • The Inner World of Farm Animals (2009) by Amy Hatkoff: Aims to deepen our understanding of farm animals' emotional and social complexity, encouraging compassion and respect, echoing the Gita's teachings on seeing the divine in all life.

  • Dog Heaven (1995) by Cynthia Rylant: A comforting picture book that imagines a joyful afterlife for dogs, reflecting the belief in a soul's journey beyond the physical life, akin to spiritual teachings about eternal existence.

  • A Dog's Purpose (2010) by W. Bruce Cameron: A novel from a dog's perspective, exploring the themes of love, loyalty, and the purpose of life, highlighting the deep connections between humans and animals and the lessons they teach us about being better beings.

Historical Context

The Bhagavad Gita is a 700-verse portion of the larger Indian epic, the Mahabharata. Composed in ancient Sanskrit, the text dates back to the 1st or 2nd century BCE. The Gita takes the form of a dialogue between Prince Arjuna and Lord Krishna, who serves as his charioteer. This dialogue occurs on the precipice of a great battle, highlighting the conflict between familial ties and the duties of a warrior.

Core Philosophies

Central to the Bhagavad Gita are its teachings on various aspects of life and religion, including adherence to one's duty (dharma) and the paths to spiritual liberation. It presents a synthesis of different philosophical approaches—karma yoga (path of action), bhakti yoga (path of devotion), and jnana yoga (path of knowledge). The scripture guides through the practices of selflessness and righteousness, aiming to achieve a state of eternal peace and unity with the divine.

Living Beings and the Divine

In the Bhagavad Gita, the soul's immortality and its relation to karma are crucial concepts, as is the transcendental equality of all living beings in the eyes of the divine. Here, the scripture highlights the interconnectedness between creatures of all species, emphasizing the soul's eternality and the divine's vision of equality.

The Soul and Karma

The Bhagavad Gita teaches that the soul (ātmā) is eternal and cycles through different lives via reincarnation, guided by its karma. The actions a being performs, or abstains from, result in karma, which influences the soul's journey and the nature of its future lives. This process reflects the divine order and emphasizes the soul's imperishable nature, as mentioned in the teachings through the concept that Krishna is present in the heart of all living entities.

Equality of All Creatures

The Gita goes on to discuss the equality of all creatures in the eyes of the divine, be it a Brahmin, cow, elephant, dog, or a dog-eater. This idea is encapsulated in the principle that the learned look upon these beings with the eyes of divine knowledge, seeing the soul within rather than the external form. Animals, including the dog, share the same spiritual essence as all other living beings and are equal from the standpoint of the eternal soul.

Concept of Dharma

In the Bhagavad Gita, dharma embodies duty and righteousness as a fundamental principle of the universe. It is the moral code that sustains society, individuals, and the world at large, merging the concepts of ethical duty and spiritual growth.

Duty and Righteousness

Dharma is often understood as the righteous path or duty that an individual must follow, which plays a crucial role in maintaining social order and cosmic balance. In the context of the Bhagavad Gita, one's duty is intricately linked with their role in society and their personal life's journey. For example, the text advocates treating all beings with kindness and fairness, including animals such as dogs, as they are all part of the same cosmic reality.

The scripture suggests that adherence to one's dharma yields positive consequences, while neglect or violation can lead to disorder and negativity. This is because an individual's dharma is not just about personal conduct but also about their contribution to the world's harmony.

The Role of Action

In the Bhagavad Gita, action, or karma, is interwoven with the concept of dharma. The idea of Karma Yoga, or the yoga of action, is that one's actions should align with their dharma — they should perform their duties selflessly and without attachment to the results. This philosophy encourages individuals to act according to their dharma without expecting rewards, simply because it is the right thing to do.

Every action is considered to have a ripple effect, contributing to one's karma and ultimately influencing their journey toward spiritual enlightenment. Righteousness in action, therefore, is not just about the immediate duty but also about the broader impact those actions have on the individual's spiritual path and the order of the universe.

The Path to Enlightenment

The Bhagavad Gita lays out a detailed map to enlightenment, emphasizing that yoga and renunciation are pivotal in the journey toward self-realization and ultimate liberation.

Yoga and Self-Realization

In the Bhagavad Gita, yoga is portrayed as a key tool for achieving self-realization. It is subtly described as a holistic practice that not only involves physical discipline but also the cultivation of knowledge and the disciplining of the mind. The dedication to one's duty and the practice of meditation are crucial components of yoga that lead to an enlightened state of being.

Renunciation and Liberation

Renunciation, or the abandonment of the attachment to the fruits of one's actions, is seen as a critical step toward achieving moksha, or liberation. The Gita teaches that such detachment coupled with dedicated action paves the way for enlightenment. Through renunciation, an individual transcends the limitations of the self and moves toward the liberation from the cycle of birth and death.

Understanding the Mind and Desires

In the Bhagavad Gita, the mind is recognized as a powerful entity that can both lead to liberation or to bondage depending on how it is managed. Key to this management is the control of senses and the transcendence of desires which are entrenched in worldly things.

Control of Senses

The Bhagavad Gita elucidates the importance of reigning in one's senses to prevent the mind from succumbing to the ephemeral pleasures of the world. It implies that senses left unchecked act as pathways that lead the mind astray, deepening attachment and fostering desires. For instance, Shree Krishna mentions that while the mind is a potential ally, if not controlled, it can become a formidable foe, underscoring the duality of its nature in respect to the well-being of an individual.

Freedom from Desires

Freedom from desires is extolled as a state of being where one’s heart remains undisturbed in adversities. When a person achieves detachment from the pull of desires, they experience serenity and manifest a steady knowledge. The Gita teaches that attachment, fear, and anger are the byproducts of desires associated with worldly things; hence, freedom from these leads to equanimity in the face of life’s vicissitudes. This principle is highlighted through the character of a sage, who, untouched by attachment or malice upon encountering good or bad, epitomizes the stability of mind that comes with the absence of desires.

Teachings on Devotion and Worship

The Bhagavad Gita outlines a profound understanding of devotion as a means to connect with the divine. It elaborates on worship and sacrifice as key elements in fostering this sacred bond.

The Nature of Devotion

Devotion, or bhakti in Sanskrit, is presented in the Bhagavad Gita as a deeply personal and transformative journey towards the divine. It is characterized by a selfless love and commitment to God. The Gita teaches that through devotion, individuals transcend the temporary nature of worldly existence and align with the eternal truth. This commitment is not only a path of spiritual discipline but also a state of being infused with love and adoration for the divine.

Worship and Sacrifice

Worship in the Bhagavad Gita is often synonymous with sacrifice. The text doesn't specifically mention dogs, but it does imply that all living beings are part of a larger divine entity. Worship is not confined to mere ritualistic practices; it is viewed as any action done with a sense of reverence and a spirit of surrender to the divine. Sacrifice, here, is understood as the offering of one's self — actions, will, and even ego — for a higher purpose or to the ultimate reality.

Through such acts of worship and sacrifice, the Gita teaches that one can begin to perceive the divine presence in all of creation, fostering a sense of deep connection and unity with all beings, including animals like dogs. It is this recognition of the divine in every aspect of life that forms the cornerstone of true devotion and meaningful worship.

Moral and Ethical Considerations

In the Bhagavad Gita, the topic of dogs is not explicitly discussed; however, the scripture provides a profound exploration of morality and ethics that can be applied to all living beings, including dogs. The scripture emphasizes the interconnectedness of all life and upholds the principles of compassion and non-harm.

Morality in Action

The Gita teaches that one's actions should align with dharma—a concept referring to duty, righteousness, and moral law. It suggests that every action, no matter how seemingly insignificant, holds great importance in the grand tapestry of life. When considering dogs, their care and treatment should be performed with a sense of duty and the acknowledgment that they are a part of the larger cosmic order.

Cause and Effect

Karma, a key concept in the Gita, explains the cycle of cause and effect, where each action has a consequence. Under this philosophy, the treatment of dogs—and all creatures—must be guided by the understanding that compassionate actions contribute to positive outcomes, while harmful actions may lead to negative repercussions for oneself and the broader world.

The Significance of Respect and Compassion

The Bhagavad Gita teaches respect and compassion as essential virtues, extending these principles to all living beings, including animals such as dogs.

Respect for All Beings

In the Bhagavad Gita, every creature is considered a part of the divine creation, warranting respect from humans. This reverence towards life inherently includes dogs, who are often seen as loyal and loving companions. The text urges individuals to recognize the sacredness in all life forms, stressing the idea that respect for others, including animals, is integral to one's spiritual development.

The Role of Compassion

Compassion is central to the teachings of the Bhagavad Gita, where it is seen as an expression of love and understanding. Specifically, it advocates for a deep sense of compassion for all beings, urging one to act benevolently and considerately. When it comes to animals like dogs, this means showing them kindness, caring for their needs, and providing them with a loving environment.

Modern Interpretation and Influence

The Bhagavad Gita, a revered scriptural text, has significantly influenced various notable figures over time, affirming its enduring relevance in the modern era.

Influence on Notable Figures

Many influential thinkers have found inspiration in the wisdom of the Bhagavad Gita. Henry David Thoreau, the esteemed American poet and philosopher, deeply admired its philosophy, which is evident in his writings. Similarly, Mahatma Gandhi considered it a spiritual dictionary and often turned to it for guidance during the struggle for Indian independence. Ralph Waldo Emerson also resonated with its messages, incorporating its insights into his essays.

In the realm of psychology, Carl Jung appreciated the depth of the Gita's psychological insights, which have contributed to his own theories. The prolific writer Aldous Huxley was so struck by the universality of its teachings that he included the Bhagavad Gita in the philosophical anthology "The Perennial Philosophy".

Contemporary Relevance

The Bhagavad Gita continues to be a source of philosophical and ethical guidance in the modern world. It does not directly mention dogs; however, its teachings of dharma (duty/righteousness) and karma (action) may imply a respectful treatment of all living beings, including animals. Today, individuals across various disciplines read the Gita to find clarity amidst life's challenges, and to develop a compassionate approach to all beings, reflecting the text’s encompassing influence even on topics like animal welfare.

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